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(MedPage Today) -- HIV-positive mothers may be more likely to infect infants via breast milk if they take vitamin A and beta-carotene supplements, researchers have found. (Source: MedPage Today State Required CME)

(MedPage Today) -- Smoking marijuana modestly reduced pain and other symptoms of chronic neuropathic pain, results of a small randomized, placebo-controlled trial showed. (Source: MedPage Today State Required CME)

(MedPage Today) -- The use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine appears to have reduced the incidence of pediatric bacterial pneumonia by 20% in England during the first two years after the vaccine was introduced, investigators reported. (Source: MedPage Today Infectious Disease)

STOCKHOLM (MedPage Today) -- Easily assessed clinical factors -- established cardiovascular disease or at least three atherothrombosis risk factors -- could help predict which patients with atherothrombosis may have an increased risk of an ischemic event, according to results of a large international registry. (Source: MedPage Today State Required CME)

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STOCKHOLM (MedPage Today) -- Injecting autologous bone marrow stem cells directly into the hearts of patients with chronic heart failure appears to improve ventricular performance, quality of life, and survival, an open-label, nonrandomized study showed. (Source: MedPage Today Public Health)

STOCKHOLM (MedPage Today) -- Reduced clopidogrel (Plavix) efficacy associated with certain genomic variants was confirmed in two new analyses but not in a third, researchers found. (Source: MedPage Today Cardiovascular)

STOCKHOLM (MedPage Today) -- Among patients with systolic heart failure and reduced left ventricular function who were stable on beta blocker treatment, reducing heart rate with ivabradine (Procoralan) significantly reduced death and heart failure hospitalizations compared with placebo, researchers reported here. (Source: MedPage Today Cardiovascular)

PAINWeek 2010 Offers AAFP CME credits.(PRWeb August 27, 2010)Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/2010/08/prweb4429644.htm (Source: PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals)

STOCKHOLM (MedPage Today) -- Adding margarine enriched with omega-3 fatty acids as a dietary intervention did not prevent second heart attacks in older men and women at risk for worsening heart disease, researchers said here. (Source: MedPage Today Cardiovascular)

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Summary: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major infectious disease killing nearly two million people, mostly in developing countries, every year. The increasing incidence of resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains to the most-effective (first-line) anti-TB drugs is a major factor contributing to the current TB epidemic. Drug-resistant strains have evolved mainly due to incomplete or improper treatment of TB patients. Resistance of M. tuberculosis to anti-TB drugs is caused by chromosomal mutations in genes encoding drug targets. Multidrug-resistant (resistant at least to rifampin and isoniazid) strains of M. tuberculosis (MDR-TB) evolve due to sequential accumulation of mutations in target genes. Emergence and spreading of MDR-TB strains is hampering efforts for the control and management o...

Abstract: A 24-year-old male presented with hemoptysis, off and on, which was gradually increasing. The patient had four chest roentgenograms, which depicts various stages of aspergilloma formation in preexisting cavity. The diagnosis of aspergilloma was made and patient underwent lobectomy. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)

Abstract: A case report describing a rare cause of stones expectoration – lithoptysis – in a 57-year-old female with chronic pulmonary sarcoidosis. During the follow-up two episodes of lithopysis were observed. Chronic pulmonary sarcoidosis may be a rare cause of lithoptysis. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)

Abstract: Chemotherapy for cancer patients with chronic renal failure, undergoing hemodialysis (HD), has not been well established. A 78-year-old woman with chronic renal failure due to hypertensive nephropathy, undergoing HD, was diagnosed with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) with multiple-organ metastases. She was treated with 4 cycles of carboplatin (CBDCA) and etoposide (ETP) chemotherapy and a partial response was achieved. She remained progression-free for at least 12 months after the completion of chemotherapy. Pharmacokinetic analysis (PK) revealed that both agents were rapidly eliminated by HD; however, the remnant platinum remained longer in the plasma. Chemotherapy with CBDCA and ETP was effective and could be safely administered to a patient with SCLC undergoing HD. (Source: Resp...

Abstract: A young Turkish woman presented with abdominal sepsis. Terminal ileal Crohn's disease was diagnosed on histology. She was treated with intravenous steroids and bowel resection but required multiple laparotomies for recurrent peritonitis. Isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured from sputum. Treatment of tuberculosis was complicated by a long post-operative period of non-functioning bowel, which necessitated intravenous agents. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)

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We describe a case of an older gentleman with recurrent symptoms of shortness of breath and intermittent spells of productive sputum who was misdiagnosed with COPD for years. Our diagnosis was supported by a clinical history and confirmed by radiographic evidence. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)

Abstract: Appearance of new opacity on the X-ray may simulate a disease and lead to the battery of test to confirm the disease. We are reporting case report when the patient with pleural effusion presented with the new opacity on follow up chest X-ray. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)

Abstract: Anastomosis of the tracheal ends requires sufficient mobilization of the trachea because excessive tension is the principal cause of anastomotic insufficiency. Several mobilization and release techniques can be used to reduce some of the anastomotic tension of the trachea. Of these, Montgomery's suprahyoid release technique is a surgical method that severs three muscles above the hyoid bone: the mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and genioglossus. Of these, we present the suprahyoid release technique here because we believe that it is superior to the other mobilization techniques, particularly supralaryngeal release. This is the first report to approach this subject from both anatomical and functional perspectives. In summary, we performed a tracheoplasty requiring a suprahyoid release for a...

Abstract: Severe hypothyroidism is associated with a wide spectrum of pulmonary and cardiovascular disorders. However, it rarely presents with pleural effusion. A 57-year-old woman presented with a stroke and left-sided pleural effusion was suspected of having hypertensive cardiomyopathy. During the treatment with diuretics, her renal function deteriorated and she developed a complete respiratory insufficiency, which led us to the definitive diagnosis. Therapy with thyroid hormone resulted in significant clinical improvement and the pleural effusion disappeared. Myxedema is easily missed when myxedema and pitting edema are simultaneously present in one subject. Severe hypothyroidism should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained pleural effusion. (Source: Respiratory Med...