We report, clinically confirm and highlight the occurrence of a fixed drug eruption with cross-reactivity between structurally related, though distinctly classified, antibiotics frequently used in the treatment of cystic fibrosis. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)

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Abstract: The safety of bronchoscopy and specifically transbronchial biopsy has not been studied in patients with bronchiolitis obliterans. We discuss two patients with bronchiolitis obliterans as a complication of graft versus host disease following allogeneic stem cell transplant. Both underwent bronchoscopy and transbronchial biopsy, which was complicated by pneumothoraces. Patients with bronchiolitis obliterans have an increased risk of spontaneous air leak syndromes. Although no data exists regarding the safety of transbronchial biopsies in patients with airflow obstruction in general, they appear to have increased rates of pneumothoraces following transthoracic biopsies. It is important to consider the potentially increased risk of pneumothoraces when deciding to pursue bronchoscopy ...

We report a case of IPH which occurred in an advanced-aged adult during following thyroidectomy for chronic thyroiditis. Following surgery this 83-year-old male developed acute onset dyspnea and pulmonary hemorrhage. In a search for underlying causes, no disorders were found and the only finding was the presence of anti-thyroid antibody. Systemic corticosteroid therapy was effective and he fully recovered. To our knowledge, this is the second documentation of IPH in association with chronic thyroiditis. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)

Conclusion: The FDG-PET image is not particularly helpful in segregating pulmonary infection from lung malignancy in certain cases. Surgical resection is recommended for both diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary cryptococcosis. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)

We report the first documented case of summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis in Europe – in this case caused by hypersensitivity to the mould Cladosporium herbarum. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)

We report a rare case of chest tuberculoma with tumor-like appearance of which diagnosis was made by surgery. A 40-year-old woman presented to our hospital with a complaint of a right chest mass. Her past history was pulmonary tuberculosis. One year prior to this presentation, she was treated. Chest MRI revealed a solid and oval mass in the right lateral chest wall. Then, surgical resection was performed. Histopathological examinations revealed caseous necrosis, epithelioid cell granuloma, and multinucleated Langhans' giant cells, but no neoplastic cell was found. We confirmed that the mass was clinically compatible with tuberculoma. The characteristic presentation of the chest wall tuberculosis is abscess, which is frequently cystic, doughy, or soft. However, there is no report with chest...

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We report such an accessory fissure between the apical and posterior segments of right upper lobe through computed tomographic (CT) scan of chest in a case of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A contrast enhanced CT scan study of chest is useful to determine whether the accessory fissure in the right upper lobe is an azygos fissure or not. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)

We report a case of a middle-aged man presenting with progression of chronic cough and recurrent respiratory infections. A diagnosis of tracheal diverticulum was made based on a computed tomography, revealing typical right-sided dorsolateral paratracheal cysts with suggestion of tracheal communication. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)

Conclusion: The low T3 state is common in RICU patients and this finding could be very important in clinical practice especially when hypothyroidism might be complicated by low T3 state. This report suggest that in this case only the addition of T3 to T4 replacement therapy may improve clinical status. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)

We report a case of a man who presented with pulmonary melioidosis after recent travel to Thailand. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)

We report a rare case of endobronchial aspergilloma which is presented radiologically as a solitary pulmonary nodule. A 24-year-old male presented to the Department of Tuberculosis and Chest Diseases with moderate to severe hemoptysis for the last three months. Chest X-ray (PA view) showed ill-defined homogenous shadow in the right upper zone. CECT Thorax review showed intrabronchial mass in the posterior segment of the right upper lobe. CT-guided FNAC was performed, which reveals Aspergillus hyphae mixed with sputum and necrotic material, without any evidence of malignancy. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy was done, it reveals a ball-like region, occluding partially, the lumen of the posterior segment of right upper lobe with hyperemia. The ball was movable. Biopsy was performed and it revealed a ...

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We report the case of an 18-year-old man, with pulmonary sarcoidosis, treated by corticoids, who developed cryptococcal meningitis. A CD4+ T-cell defect was simultaneously discovered, which was not influenced by corticoid arrest, persisted following infection resolution and control of sarcoidosis. In vitro experiments were performed in parallel, demonstrating a restricted CD4+ T-cell proliferation hypo-responsiveness to both IL-2 and lectin. In addition, rhIL-2 subcutaneously administrated failed to restore peripheral T-cell count.A multi-visceral sarcoidosis associated to CD4-lymphocytopenia is rarely reported and highly demonstrative of the related risk for an opportunistic infection development. In context, the absence of lectin and IL-2 effects on in vitro CD4+ T-cell proliferation ass...

Abstract: A 21-year-old male, presented with dull aching chest pain, shortness of breath. CECT thorax reveals lobulated mediastinal mass containing soft tissue predominantly in superior and anterior mediastinum with a few foci of calcification seen along septae. CT guided FNAC was suggestive of teratoma. The patient underwent surgical resection. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)

We present the case of a young man with sarcoidosis complicated by fatal pulmonary hypertension due to extrinsic compression of the major pulmonary vessels by mediastinal granulomatous inflammation and lymphadenopathy. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)

We report the case of a 13-month-old girl, consulting for wheezing, dyspnea and loss of appetite. Chest X-ray revealed a mediastinal deviation with a clear appearance of the right lung. Computed tomography showed a voluminous emphysematous bulla of the right lung and atelectasis of the lower lobe. The final diagnosis was made on the basis of histological features of a cystic tumour, showing blastematous elements associated with sarcomatous compound confirming the diagnosis of pleuropulmonary blastoma type I. Subsequent chemotherapy was performed. Four years after the operation, the child is well with no evidence of disease recurrence or metastasis. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)

Abstract: A 24 years old female was presented with a 2 weeks history of fever (high grade), cough, fatigue, shortness of breath, chest pain right side and low back ache. Patient prefers to lie towards right side. CECT thorax reveals empyema thoracic with paravertebral extension. Patient was put on IV antibiotic according to culture and sensitivity. Clinical and Radiological improvement was evident after 1 week. (Source: Respiratory Medicine CME)

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STOCKHOLM (MedPage Today) -- While hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common cause of sudden death in competitive soccer players, when pro players were screened for the problem with electrocardiography (ECG), all the positive results turned out to be false positives, according to a small study. (Source: MedPage Today Cardiovascular)

(MedPage Today) -- Women who don't breast-feed their babies are at an increased risk for type 2 diabetes, researchers found. (Source: MedPage Today OB/GYN)

STOCKHOLM (MedPage Today) -- A third of patients on lipid-lowering therapy received inadequate doses of generic simvastatin after being switched from atorvastatin (Lipitor), an analysis of a large pharmacy database showed. (Source: MedPage Today Cardiovascular)

(MedPage Today) -- Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes may contribute to the development of one type of brain plaque linked to Alzheimer's disease, according to an autopsy study. (Source: MedPage Today Cardiovascular)